SECTION
406 MOTOR-VEHICLE-RELATED OCCUPANCIES
406.3
Open parking garages.
406.3.1 Scope. Except where
specific provisions are made in the following subsections,
other requirements of this code shall apply.
406.3.2 Definitions. The
following words and terms shall, for the purposes of this
chapter and as used elsewhere in this code, have the meanings
shown herein.
MECHANICAL-ACCESS OPEN PARKING
GARAGES. Open parking garages employing parking machines,
lifts, elevators or other mechanical devices for vehicles moving
from and to street level and in which public occupancy is prohibited
above the street level.
OPEN PARKING GARAGE. A
structure or portion of a structure with the openings as described
in Section 406.3.3.1 on two or more sides that is used for
the parking or storage of private motor vehicles as described
in Section 406.3.4.
RAMP-ACCESS OPEN PARKING GARAGES.
Open parking garages employing a series of continuously rising
floors or a series of interconnecting ramps between floors
permitting the movement of vehicles under their own power
from and to the street level.
406.3.3 Construction.
Open parking garages shall be of Type I, II or IV construction.
Open parking garages shall meet the design requirements of
Chapter 16. For vehicle barriers, see Section
406.2.4.
406.3.3.1
Openings. For natural ventilation purposes, the exterior
side of the structure shall have uniformly distributed openings
on two or more sides. The area of such openings in exterior
walls on a tier must be at least 20 percent of the total
perimeter wall area of each tier. The aggregate length of
the openings considered to be providing natural ventilation
shall constitute a minimum of 40 percent of the perimeter
of the tier. Interior walls shall be at least 20 percent
open with uniformly distributed openings.
Exception:
Openings are not required to be distributed over 40 percent
of the building perimeter where the required openings are
uniformly distributed over two opposing sides of the building.
06.3.4
Uses. Mixed uses shall be allowed in the same building
as an open parking garage subject to the provisions of Sections
508.3, 402.7.1, 406.3.13, 509.3,
509.4 and 509.7.
406.3.5
Area and height. Area and height of open parking garages
shall be limited as set forth in Chapter 5 for Group S-2 occupancies
and as further provided for in Section
508.3.
406.3.5.1 Single
use. When the open parking garage is used exclusively
for the parking or storage of private motor vehicles, with
no other uses in the building, the area and height shall be
permitted to comply with Table
406.3.5, along with increases allowed by Section 406.3.6.
Exception:
The grade-level tier is permitted to contain an office, waiting
and toilet rooms having a total combined area of not more
than 1,000 square feet (93 m2). Such area need
not be separated from the open parking garage.
In
open parking garages having a spiral or sloping floor, the
horizontal projection of the structure at any cross section
shall not exceed the allowable area per parking tier. In the
case of an open parking garage having a continuous spiral
floor, each 9 feet 6 inches (2896 mm) of height, or portion
thereof, shall be considered a tier.
The
clear height of a parking tier shall not be less than 7 feet
(2134 mm), except that a lower clear height is permitted in
mechanical-access open parking garages where approved by the
building official.
406.3.6 Area and height
increases. The allowable area and height of open parking
garages shall be increased in accordance with the provisions
of this section. Garages with sides open on three-fourths
of the building's perimeter are permitted to be increased
by 25 percent in area and one tier in height. Garages with
sides open around the entire building's perimeter are permitted
to be increased by 50 percent in area and one tier in height.
For a side to be considered open under the above provisions,
the total area of openings along the side shall not be less
than 50 percent of the interior area of the side at each
tier and such openings shall be equally distributed along
the length of the tier.
Allowable
tier areas in Table 406.3.5
shall be increased for open parking garages constructed
to heights less than the table maximum. The gross tier area
of the garage shall not exceed that permitted for the higher
structure. At least three sides of each such larger tier
shall have continuous horizontal openings not less than
30 inches (762 mm) in clear height extending for at least
80 percent of the length of the sides and no part of such
larger tier shall be more than 200 feet (60 960 mm) horizontally
from such an opening. In addition, each such opening shall
face a street or yard accessible to a street with a width
of at least 30 feet (9144 mm) for the full length of the
opening, and standpipes shall be provided in each such tier.
Open parking garages of Type
II construction, with all sides open, shall be unlimited
in allowable area where the height does not exceed 75 feet
(22 860 mm). For a side to be considered open, the total
area of openings along the side shall not be less than 50
percent of the interior area of the side at each tier and
such openings shall be equally distributed along the length
of the tier. All portions of tiers shall be within 200 feet
(60 960 mm) horizontally from such openings or other natural
ventilation openings as defined in section 406.3.3.1. These
openings shall be permitted to be provided in courts with
a minimum width of 30 feet (9144 mm) for the full width
of the openings.
406.3.7 Fire separation
distance. Exterior walls and openings in exterior walls
shall comply with Tables 601
and 602. The distance to an
adjacent lot line shall be determined in accordance with
Table 602 and Section
704.
406.3.8 Means of egress.
Where persons other than parking attendants are permitted,
open parking garages shall meet the means of egress requirements
of Chapter 10. Where no persons other than parking attendants
are permitted, there shall not be less than two 36-inch-wide
(914 mm) exit stairways. Lifts shall be permitted to be
installed for use of employees only, provided they are completely
enclosed by noncombustible materials.
406.3.9 Standpipes. Standpipes
shall be installed where required by the provisions of Chapter
9.
406.3.10 Sprinkler systems.
Where required by other provisions of this code, automatic
sprinkler systems and standpipes shall be installed in accordance
with the provisions of Chapter 9.
406.3.11 Enclosure of vertical
openings. Enclosure shall not be required for vertical
openings except as specified in Section 406.3.8.
406.3.12 Ventilation.
Ventilation, other than the percentage of openings specified
in Section 406.3.3.1, shall not be required.
406.3.13 Prohibitions.
The following uses and alterations are not permitted:
1.
Vehicle
repair work.
2.
Parking
of buses, trucks and similar vehicles.
3. Partial
or complete closing of required openings in exterior walls
by tarpaulins or any other means.
4.
Dispensing of fuel.
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